Age Control
Age Control
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Age Control
  • Age Control
    • Founder
    • Aging around the world
      • Well-being and social policies
      • Transformation in aging
      • Development in aging
      • Challenges around
      • Future perception?
    • Coma
    • Blood & aging
    • Hemoglobin
    • Calorie restriction
    • Anti & Pro Oxidants
      • Oxidative stress
      • Hormesis
      • Stress functions
      • Industrial Oxidants
      • Conclusion
  • How do we age?
    • Airpressure
    • Gravity
    • Electricity of life
    • Current theories
    • Bio Balance
  • Health
    • Negative influence
    • Measuring age
    • Immortality
    • Physical change
    • Exercise II
    • Advise on food
  • Food
    • Digestion (1)
    • Digestion (2)
    • Digestion (3)
    • Probiotics and prebiotica
    • Side Effects of Supplements
    • Supplement & Superfood
      • Little history
      • Who needs supplements
      • Sample “super”food
      • Function “super”food
      • Lingzhi mushrooms
      • “Chemical” supplements
        • Age-related doses
        • Recommended supplements
      • Food additives
  • Psyche
    • Neural system
    • Sleep REM
    • Sleep next 1
    • Sleep how much
    • Sleep chemistry
    • Memory
    • Loss & Grief
  • Chemistry
    • Amino Acids (1)
    • Amino Acids (2) polarity
    • Amino Acids (3) polarity
    • Amino Acid function
    • Proetein (1)
    • Protein (2) application
    • Protein (3) Function
    • Carbohydrates (1)
    • Carbohydrates (2) neg
    • Carbohydrates (3) disease
    • Fat
    • Vitamins&Minerals (1)
    • Vitamins&Minerals (2)
    • Fibers
    • Liquids (Human)
    • Testresults
  • Love&Life
    • Hormones
    • Enzymes
    • Older parent
    • Sex & more
      • Sex development
      • Sex at old age
  • Improve
    • Body&Mind
    • Discipline
    • Exercise
    • Neurex
    • Tips & Tricks
      • Watch what people eat and drink
      • Look after teeth and mouth
      • Stay active
      • Balance Disorders
      • Meditate
      • Take care of your feet
      • Sort out sleep
      • Crime & safety
      • Maintain the brain
      • Humor, laughter, and play
      • Memory Problems
      • Keep learning
      • Meaning of life
      • Cultivate relationships
      • Community connections
      • Volunteering
      • Reduce stress
      • Be grateful
      • Express feelings
      • Accept
      • Stay positive
      • Practice prevention
      • Coping with change
      • Addiction kills
      • Prepare end
  • Gender
    • Looks
    • Skin
    • Moisturizer
    • Preferences
    • Personality&Intelligence
  • Change
    • Socioemotional Late Adulthood
    • Aging process
      • Bones & Joints
      • Bone Marrow
      • Muscles and Body Fat
      • Eyes
      • Ears
      • Mouth and Nose
      • Brain and Nervous System
      • Heart and Blood Vessels
      • Muscles of Breathing and the Lungs
      • Digestive System
      • Kidneys and Urinary Tract
      • Reproductive Organs
      • Blood Production
      • Immune System
    • Changes in adult life (1)
Age Control
  • Age Control
    • Founder
    • Aging around the world
      • Well-being and social policies
      • Transformation in aging
      • Development in aging
      • Challenges around
      • Future perception?
    • Coma
    • Blood & aging
    • Hemoglobin
    • Calorie restriction
    • Anti & Pro Oxidants
      • Oxidative stress
      • Hormesis
      • Stress functions
      • Industrial Oxidants
      • Conclusion
  • How do we age?
    • Airpressure
    • Gravity
    • Electricity of life
    • Current theories
    • Bio Balance
  • Health
    • Negative influence
    • Measuring age
    • Immortality
    • Physical change
    • Exercise II
    • Advise on food
  • Food
    • Digestion (1)
    • Digestion (2)
    • Digestion (3)
    • Probiotics and prebiotica
    • Side Effects of Supplements
    • Supplement & Superfood
      • Little history
      • Who needs supplements
      • Sample “super”food
      • Function “super”food
      • Lingzhi mushrooms
      • “Chemical” supplements
        • Age-related doses
        • Recommended supplements
      • Food additives
  • Psyche
    • Neural system
    • Sleep REM
    • Sleep next 1
    • Sleep how much
    • Sleep chemistry
    • Memory
    • Loss & Grief
  • Chemistry
    • Amino Acids (1)
    • Amino Acids (2) polarity
    • Amino Acids (3) polarity
    • Amino Acid function
    • Proetein (1)
    • Protein (2) application
    • Protein (3) Function
    • Carbohydrates (1)
    • Carbohydrates (2) neg
    • Carbohydrates (3) disease
    • Fat
    • Vitamins&Minerals (1)
    • Vitamins&Minerals (2)
    • Fibers
    • Liquids (Human)
    • Testresults
  • Love&Life
    • Hormones
    • Enzymes
    • Older parent
    • Sex & more
      • Sex development
      • Sex at old age
  • Improve
    • Body&Mind
    • Discipline
    • Exercise
    • Neurex
    • Tips & Tricks
      • Watch what people eat and drink
      • Look after teeth and mouth
      • Stay active
      • Balance Disorders
      • Meditate
      • Take care of your feet
      • Sort out sleep
      • Crime & safety
      • Maintain the brain
      • Humor, laughter, and play
      • Memory Problems
      • Keep learning
      • Meaning of life
      • Cultivate relationships
      • Community connections
      • Volunteering
      • Reduce stress
      • Be grateful
      • Express feelings
      • Accept
      • Stay positive
      • Practice prevention
      • Coping with change
      • Addiction kills
      • Prepare end
  • Gender
    • Looks
    • Skin
    • Moisturizer
    • Preferences
    • Personality&Intelligence
  • Change
    • Socioemotional Late Adulthood
    • Aging process
      • Bones & Joints
      • Bone Marrow
      • Muscles and Body Fat
      • Eyes
      • Ears
      • Mouth and Nose
      • Brain and Nervous System
      • Heart and Blood Vessels
      • Muscles of Breathing and the Lungs
      • Digestive System
      • Kidneys and Urinary Tract
      • Reproductive Organs
      • Blood Production
      • Immune System
    • Changes in adult life (1)

Hormesis

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  2. Age Control
  3. Anti & Pro Oxidants
  4. Hormesis

Hormesis 

“Hormesis” is the theory that regular exposure to small amounts of toxins, or other forms of biological stress have salutary effects, by activating defensive mechanisms.  Hormesis is introduced for its possible relevancy as an anti-aging strategy.  How increased oxidative stress promotes longevity and metabolic health.  Recent evidence suggests that calorie restriction and specifically reduced glucose metabolism induces mitochondrial metabolism to extend lifespan. In conflict with Harman’s free radical theory of aging (FRTA), these effects may be due to increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the mitochondria causing an adaptive response that culminates in subsequently increased stress resistance assumed to ultimately cause a long-term reduction of oxidative stress.

This type of retrograde response has been named mitochondrial hormesis or mitohormesis, and may, in addition, be applicable to the health-promoting effects of physical exercise in humans and, hypothetically, impaired insulin/IGF-1-signaling in model organisms. Consistently, the abrogation of this mitochondrial ROS signal by antioxidants impairs the lifespan-extending and health-promoting capabilities of glucose restriction and physical exercise, respectively. The findings indicate that ROS are essential signaling molecules which are required to promote health and longevity. Hence, the concept of mitohormesis provides a common mechanistic denominator for the physiological effects of physical exercise, reduced calorie uptake, glucose restriction, and possibly beyond.

There is evidence that hormesis is the result of epigenetic adaptations.  Recent experimental studies clearly indicate that environmental fluctuations can induce specific and predictable epigenetic-related molecular changes, and support the possibility of the adaptive epigenetic phenomenon. The epigenetic adaptation processes implying alterations of gene expression to buffer the organism against environmental changes support adaptability to the expected life-course conditions. It appears likely that adaptive epigenetic rearrangements can occur not only during early developmental stages but also through the adulthood, and they can cause hormesis, a phenomenon in which adaptive responses to low doses of otherwise harmful conditions improve the functional ability of cells and organisms. In this review, several lines of evidence are presented that epigenetic mechanisms can be involved in hormesis-like responses.

 

HORMESIS

 

References

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  • Rattan, Suresh I.S. (2008). “Hormesis in aging”. Ageing Research Reviews. 7 (1): 63–78. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2007.03.002. PMID 17964227.
  • Gems, David; Partridge, Linda (2008). “Stress-Response Hormesis and Aging: “That which Does Not Kill Us Makes Us Stronger””. Cell Metabolism. 7 (3): 200–3. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.01.001. PMID 18316025.
  • Kyriazis, Marios (2005). “Clinical Anti-Aging Hormetic Strategies”. Rejuvenation Research. 8 (2): 96–100. doi:10.1089/rej.2005.8.96. PMID 15929717.
  • Ferretta, A. et al. Effect of resveratrol on mitochondrial function: implications in parkin-associated familiar Parkinson’s disease. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1842, 902–915 (2014).
  • Sharma, A. & Malaviya, P. Irrigational impact of untreated and treated brewery-distillery effluent on seed germination of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.). J. Environ. Biol. 37, 115–119 (2016).
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